White Oleander Essays - White Oleander, Astrid Peth, Claire Bennet

White Oleander Essays - White Oleander, Astrid Peth, Claire Bennet White Oleander White Oleander, an emotional fiction by Janet Fitch, was distributed by Little, Brown and Company in Boston. The story is about a mother and little girl, Ingred and Astrid have a surprising relationship. Ingred cherishes her little girl however never asks her what she suspects as much along these lines doesn't have any acquaintance with her girl excessively well. For example, she doesn't know about her girl's longing for a dad. Ingred makes it clear that she won't permit herself to draw near to a man. She is an exceptionally splendid, lovely writer, who is revered by a man named Barry Kolker. He goes to every last bit of her readings, and asks her out each time. One of the occasions Barry welcomes her to go to the Gamelan, an ensemble. Adoring the Gamelan, she acknowledges. Her and Astrid join Barry, and they start talking more. They begin going out additional, however each time she makes and stands by guidelines, for example, he will welcome her to eat after an occasion where they had not moved toward eating and she will can't, on the grounds that she doesn't prefer to get joined to men, and wouldn't like to invest any longer energy than she had just assigned. Out of nowhere, her guidelines begin reducing. Once, there was a thump at her entryway, and it was Barry. She contemplated internally, 'how could he simply come without a greeting?'. At the point when she opened the entryway (a blade in her grasp), he had a jug of wine, and sack of something that smelled pleasant. Amazingly she accomplished something least anticipated. She welcomed him in. One night Barry said he would be over to her home at 9 and never appeared. So the following day, Ingred appeared unannounced at Barry's and she headed inside and they had intercourse. Following, he disclosed to Ingred she needed to leave since he had a date coming. She needed to look for retribution. She fired appearing at each spot he was at. She broke into his home. He attempted to go to her home and make her stop the jabber. He took a stab at constraining his way in her home, and she cut him in the hand. He left, and the following day she went to his home, where she discovered he had changed the locks. She broke in and put white oleanders in his milk, clam sauce and curds, and one in his toothpaste. She made a course of action of white oleanders on his table, and dispersed sprouts on his bed. A cop went to Ingred's home, and disclosed to her that Barry is blaming her for breaking and entering, and attempting to harm him. She smoothly expressed that Barry is irate with her. She parted ways with him and that he was unable to get over her. Ingred and Astrid took outing to Tijuana and Ingred purchased a jug of medication called, DMSO, which assists drugs with engrossing through your skin (DMSO helps nicotine patches work), and uses that to harm him. He passes on. Ingred is in the end set in prison, leaving Astrid to hop from cultivate home to encourage home. Her first encourage home is with a mother named Star. Star is a full figured, and leggy, ex-coke someone who is addicted turned Christian. Star has a sweetheart named Ray, and Astrid begins to look all starry eyed at him. Astrid, 13, takes part in an extramarital entanglements with the 40-something Ray. Star gets envious of their fellowship and gets dubious. At some point, Star comes in, in an intoxicated anger and shoots Astrid. Astrid is promptly evacuated and set in a subsequent home, the home of Ed and Marble Turlock. At this home, she was dealt with like a slave. She had to clean and infant sit, and was never indicated any fondness, and was never acquainted with anybody. Astrid warms up to a dark neighbor, named Olivia Johnston, who the preferential Marble censures a hooker. At the point when Marble finds that Astrid is companions with her, Marble pummels her, and she by and by gets moved, which she discovers at school, with her sacks previously stuffed for her, and zero chance to state farewells. The third house, was a major, excellent bequest. Amelia, the non-permanent mother took in young ladies as slaves, and when she would leave, she

He Who Owns Information Owns the World Essay

What is academic writing Types of academic writing

What is academic writing Types of academic writing Academic writing is very important to learn especially for students. It teaches the student how to think critically and accurately while clearly conveying complex ideas in a well-structured, concise format. This type of writing can be defined in many ways. Your instructors can give different names to these assignments â€" essay, term paper, analysis essay but all of them have the same purpose and are based on the same principles. Academic writing should involve expressing your own ideas in response to what your teacher said. The goal of completing academic writing is to show that you have a profound knowledge of a specific topic. You can easily share your own thoughts about a scientific question or an issue that may be of interest to your professor, and other scholars. Types of Academic Writing Summary Types of Academic WritingPurpose of Academic WritingAccuracy:Density:Correctness:Detachment:The principle of academic writingAcademic Writing StructureIntroductionBodyConclusionTips on Academic WritingPlanning Outline LanguagePoint-of-view There are four major types of academic writing: 1. Descriptive 2. Analytical 3. Persuasive 4. Critical Purpose of Academic Writing There are several purposes of academic writing but the main purpose of academic writing is to provide the information with a clear, appropriate and thoughtful image of that specific topic. There are so many types of academic writing and each of them is written to provide for its specific purpose, for example, one type of academic writing is done for an explanation of the subject, the other is done just to describe etc. Now, moving toward the overall purpose of academic writing, they are as follows: Accuracy: When you start writing you need to use more accurate and authentic words. Some students use more unclear word combinations like many people say or once a person said are not considered to feel accurate in academic writing. So one of the purposes of academic writing is to provide the reader with correct and accurate information. Density: On the daily basis we use very simple language and in a very clear way but when we write or read academic content it is complex. In academic writing, we have to use more accurate language from all points of view which include grammar, phrases, clauses, subordinates, qualifying adjective etc. Correctness: During the academic writing, you should avoid informal language. The purpose of academic writing is to avoid using short forms and dialect words in your writing. Detachment: While writing academic content, the student has to focus more on the objective of the topic rather than focusing on what your audience think about that topic. So whenever we talk about objectivity we talk about the central idea or main theme of the topic. So, try to write information relevant to the topic without thinking what your opinion is. So above are given some of the purposes of academic writing which reader and writer both should keep in their mind while reading and writing and academic content. If you face the problem to write their academic writing then you can contact us. We provide the paper writing services and professional academic writing services for all academic students. You can get online help from us anytime in a day or night. Our team of experts is available 24/7 for your help. They always give 100% unique content. The principle of academic writing • Your papers must have a clear purpose. It presents your original point of view. • Your writing must have a single focus â€" all paragraphs have to include relevant evidence (facts, expert opinions, and quotations, examples) to support your thesis statement. • You must follow a standard organizational pattern. Every academic text must include the following parts: an introduction, the main body, and a conclusion. Some papers may require an abstract. • As a writer, you need to provide clear, logical, and simple explanations to your reader. • You should refer to a number of scholarly sources. You need to integrate source materials into your discussion. • To ensure academic integrity, all college essays should be formatted in accordance with the requirements of one of the specific citation styles â€" APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago that determine the rules for in-text citations, paper sections, format, reference list. Academic Writing Structure An academic paper has three distinct sections: Introduction In the introduction, you must grab the readers attention and identify the thesis of the paper. Body This is the main part of the writing and the paragraphs must be clearly written. Each initial sentence links the preceding paragraph and the whole section flows smoothly. Conclusion In conclusion, you re-emphasize the thesis and summarize all the main points. The conclusion consists of one paragraph which shows the final conclusion to the reader. Tips on Academic Writing Here are some things to remember about academic writing. Planning You should need to make a plan before starting to write a paper. Your academic paper will be analytical and organized. Outline A proper outline is a necessity for academic writing. An outline will not only help you formulate your thoughts but will sometimes make you aware of certain relationships between topics. It will help you determine the pertinent information to be included in your paper. Language The language in your paper needs to be clear and words need to be chosen for their accuracy. A thesaurus is a good tool to help you pick just the right words to explain the issues. Point-of-view The point of view in the third person, as the focus of academic writing, is to educate on the facts, not support an opinion. Read this article where you will find a complete guide on how to write good academic papers. We will provide you with all necessary information. You can also submit your requirements with us. We always complete your paper within the given deadline.

Analysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World - 1663 Words

Book Report Pt. 1 Mr. Welch -- English Name: Lyca Gonzales Period: 1 Title: Brave New World Author: Aldous Huxley Setting: (Where) London, England, and (When) 2540 A.D New Mexico, U.S Protagonist(s): John and Bernard Antagonist(s): The World State Describe the relationship between the Protagonist and Antagonist. John and Bernard Marx feel as if they are alienated from their society, for they are different. They both think that there is more to love than intimacy and drugs. As for the World State, they think that expressing emotions is unnecessary and that everyone should be care-free and have a world full of fun and sex. Give a DETAILED story summary: (Please attach 1 additional pg.) In the novel, â€Å"Brave New World,† by Aldous Huxley, we are introduced to the â€Å"Director of Hatcheries and Conditioning†, a.k.a. the D.H.C for Central London and his assistant, Henry Foster. They give a tour to newly arrived students in â€Å"a squat grey building of only thirty-four stories† called, the â€Å"Central London Hatchery and Conditioning Centre.† (pg. 3) The World’s State motto is, â€Å"Community, Identity, Stability.† The D.H.C. describes what goes about in each room, such as the Fertilizing Room, where there are incubators filled with test tubes, at blood heat. He also explains the process of Bokanovskification and how it consists of a series of arrests of developments. When checking the normal growth, the egg will respond by budding. Many of these eggs go throughShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World Essay986 Words   |  4 PagesMatlen EWRC Period: 1 December 7, 2016 Class Struggle In his text Brave New World Aldous Huxley imagines a society genetically engineered and socially conditioned to be a fully functioning society where everyone appears to be truly happy. This society is created with each person being assigned a social status from birth, much like caste system in modern society or the social or the social strata applied to everyday society. Huxley shows the issues of class struggle from the marxist perspective whenRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World Essay2257 Words   |  10 PagesGiancarlo Ricci LA 9, period 4 October 21, 2016 MAIN THEME:   It is essential to prioritize individual happiness, emotion, and humanity in order for your life to have value. OVERALL TONE: Satirical Novel Cover Art Analysis The novel Brave New World by Aldous Huxley, is set in a â€Å"utopian† society where individuals are born into a strict social destiny and given recreational sex and drugs to maintain universal happiness and social stability. The major theme exhibited is individual happiness, emotionRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World 2445 Words   |  10 PagesFoundations for a Future Aldous Huxley’s novel Brave New World criticizes a society in which sex is a commodity, self-determination in non-existent, and happiness derives from consumerism. Huxley writes the novel as a warning to both contemporary and future generations of the dangers of progress built upon the wrong foundations. The novel is a portrayal of Huxley’s own society in which talkies, the radio and premarital sex, were on the rise and like many others of his time he believed that moralsRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World1278 Words   |  6 Pagesanother note, he said it is â€Å"a potent, even enriching.† Brave New World, by Aldous Huxley, expands on this idea of exilation. Throughout the novel, several characters are faced with being exiled, whether it be from their home or community. In particular, a man by the name of John seems to experience the bulk of it. John’s experiences show that being exiled is alienating and, at the same time, enriching, whi le also portraying the effects of a world with complete government control over technology andRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World1420 Words   |  6 Pagesexcessive effort to become perfect can be counteractive and lead to dysfunctionality. In Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, characters live in a dystopian society that sprouted from the human yearning for perfection. Although the citizens in Brave New World are genetically engineered to be perfect individuals and are on soma constantly to keep them happy and efficient, they lack individuality.. Brave New World is a novel that clearly demonstrates that trying to create a perfect society can result inRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s A Brave New World1708 Words   |  7 Pagessocieties, specifically those of the fictional variety we apply our mashed set of ideals based on truth and happiness on each of these different societies . In Aldous Huxley’s A Brave New World, by conventional societies ideas the citizens of the world state know nothing of traditional reality and by the standards of the traditional world are far from a state of contentment, but if examined by the ideals of the society in question the overall appearance is quite different. the population seems happyRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World1591 Words   |  7 Pagesinsignificant in terms of an independent person, and because of this, people have to actively find ways to keep ourselves occupied. Aldous Huxley was born July 26, 1984. His father was a scientist that helped to develop the theory of evolution. Science was obviously a large part of his life and was most likely a key source of inspiration for his book. In Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, Individualism is a rarity and society is structured to serve a higher class of people. Society is built around five classes;Read MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World1079 Words   |  5 Pagesthe corners of the world there are divers e perspectives , that lead to the conclusion that there is no such thing as a Universal Utopia. In Brave New World by Aldous Huxley , we are able to understand the critical differences between our modern day society and the dystopian one created in the novel. There is no such thing as â€Å"perfection† and in order to function everyone should choose who they want to be, which is the complete opposite of the society formed in the Brave New World. In this society thereRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World1492 Words   |  6 PagesDiscussions regarding technology’s risks, benefits and responsibilities neither begin nor end at the inception of Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World. These analyses are held, uneasily, on the fringes of journalism. Huxley’s infamous dystopian science fiction work, as well as his experiences with hallucinogens and mysticism, pinned him onto the intellectual map. Nowadays, in a society that is ruled and run by technology, we can truly recognize certain parallels made between now and his very intuitiveRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World Essay1771 Words   |  8 PagesThe World State- Do What You Are Taught This essay will be centered on two of the most important characters Linda and Lenina from Aldous Huxley’s novel Brave New World. The novel talks about a world which is completely different from the contemporary world. The world state in the novel is solely ruled by technologies to produce human beings, drugs to control emotions, hypnopaedic education to brainwash people with certain beliefs and thoughts. In the world state human beings are produced in bulk

Financial Uncertainty Of The Us National Debt - 1864 Words

We live in a time of uncertainty. One of which is financial uncertainty, which affects all Americans regardless of social economic status. According to the Congressional Budgeting Office the US national debt is on track to being equal 78% of the gross domestic product by the year 2024 (Trumbull). Social Security pay outs have neared a level that will soon be unsustainable without a significant increase in taxes. Corporate taxes are now close to 40%, and considered to be one of the highest tax rates in the world (Stone). Former U.S. representative John E. Linder stated that the corporate tax rate has forced many of our good paying manufacturing jobs to be relocated outside the country in order to stay competitive. Making it difficult for low wage earners to transition up in income and support their families like previous generations. The problem for the American job market could be resolved if it were not for the 15 trillion dollars remaining in off shore financial centers because of the high cost due to taxes when the money is repatriated. In addition to the corporate costs, taxes have driven 2 to 3 trillion dollars into an underground economy where no taxes are paid at all (Linder). Jonathon Gruber wrote in his book Public Finance and Public Policy, that tax evasion is estimated to be $280 billion dollars a year! For those who do pay, the estimated costs for filling out the forms in order to pay the taxes is over $350 billion dollars a year. This is quickly becoming aShow MoreRelatedNational Debt Is Not Always A Bad Thing1695 Words   |  7 PagesWhen I first thought of national debt I thought about only the cons and disadvantages of having it. I never gave thought as to what the advantages of having it may be. National debt is the amount of money the federal government owes to lenders outside of itself. When the Treasury borrows funds, it issues Treasury bonds; these are IOUs of the federal government. In other words, the national debt is a stock of IOUs cre ated by annual deficit flows. (Schiller 261) With the help of research and my economicsRead MoreUs National Debt1414 Words   |  6 PagesNational debt ceiling 101: Is a crisis looming? The Christian Science Monitor, Mark Trumbull, March 8, 2011, CSMonitor.com In this article, Mark Trumbull, a staff writer for The Christian Science Monitor, points out several different areas that the USA‘s National Debt crisis effects. Trumbull asks nine different questions about the debt crisis and then answer’s them as best as possible. His effort is to bring the words of this huge political battle from a high scope to the reading level of theRead MoreEssay on Stock Market and Services Textbook Page1575 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿1. Reviewing GMs financial information in GM Exhibit 1 and its stock price in GM Exhibit 2, when do you first see signs of GMs impending financial distress? The sign of GM’s impending financial distress is first seen in 2005. GM reported a net loss of more than $10 billion and has continued to post annual losses since that time with losses reaching almost $31 billion in 2008. GMs cash flow from operations in 2005 was a negative $16.8 billion. Reviewing GM’s stock price, we can see that theRead MoreOn September 11Th, 2001, Terrorists Hijacked Four Planes1182 Words   |  5 Pagesday. These terrorist acts have caused dramatic changes on the unseen scales in many spheres. Starting from 2001, then-President George W. Bush has declared a â€Å"war on terrorism†, an approach which dominated the agenda of American politics ever since. US troops conducted military operations in Afghanistan and Iraq and military spending was increased dramatically. 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Because domestic savings are so low, investors are forced to borrow from overseas to fund domestic investment, leading to a large capital and financial account surplus. As a capital and financial account surplus is always offset by a current account deficit under a floating exchange rate system, Australia’s low level of domestic saving directlyRead MoreGreece Financial Crisis In Greece1114 Words   |  5 PagesGDP. According to the CIA’s studies, the Greek economic system averaged increase of approximately 4% in step with year between 2003 and 2007, however the financial system went into recession in 2009 due to the world financial crisis, tightening credit conditions, and Greece inability to address a developing budget deficit. By 2013, the financial system had reduced in size 26%, compared with the pre-crisis degree of 2007.   Greece met the EUs Growth and Stability Pact budget deficit criterion of no

Being Gay and Elderly in Toronto Free Essays

string(32) " have committed an abomination\." According to Peter Sprigg, author of â€Å"Gay Marriage Questions,† there are two reasons a civil marriage should not be granted for gay couples. One is that since they are relationships and not marriages, they should not be granted. Sprigg says that in order to have a marriage, there must be a union of a man and a woman, not a man and a man. We will write a custom essay sample on Being Gay and Elderly in Toronto or any similar topic only for you Order Now Traditional intercourse cannot take place with two men involved. The second one is that these type relationships are harmful. They do not provide the same benefits as a marriage between a man and a woman, and their consequences are far more negative than positive. (www. nogaymarriage. com/gaymarriagequestions. html) Either way, it’s looked at, even with the evidence standing alone, it is enough to not accept the claim that gay couples should be able to legally marry. The first argument is that marriage is an institution that predates the law and the Constitution. Marriage is sociological, not legal. Laws relating to marriage just acknowledge and keep in tact an institution that is already in existence. However, some people believe that marriage is a way of recognizing couples who are in love with each other. With that being said, they want to spend the rest of their lives together. Consider this. According to Sprigg, love and companionship were sufficient to define marriage, then there would be no reason to deny â€Å"marriage† to unions of a child and an adult, or an adult child and his aging parent, or to roommates who have no sexual relationship. Most people think that the sexual element is what defines a marriage. However, marriage is so much more than that. According to Webster, marriage is a mutual relationship between husband and wife; the institution whereby men and women are joined in a special kind of social and legal dependence for the purpose of founding and maintaining a family. Anthropologist Kingsley Davis says that marriage is â€Å"the unique trait of what is commonly called marriage is social recognition and approval†¦of a couple’s engaging in sexual intercourse and bearing and rearing children. † The question was raised, are married couples without children really in a marriage? If gay couples are denied to marry, shouldn’t straight couples without children be denied also? According to what Sprigg had to say concerning marriage and children, this would make sense, would it not? Not necessarily. If a couple wants children, and for some reason cannot have them, it is not their fault. A couple who decides not to have children may change their minds. At any rate, childless marriages are still acknowledged because if not, it would be an invasion of a heterosexual couples privacy to require that they show intent to bear children, or the ability to have children. So, what is the real purpose of marriage? Anthropologist Kingsley Davis says that a marriage’s purpose is to socially recognized and approved to engage in sexual intercourse and bear and rear children. Another marriage scholar, Maggie Gallagher says that â€Å"marriage across societies is a public sexual union that creates kinship obligations and sharing of resources between men, women, and the children their sexual union may produce. The mere biological conception and birth of children are not enough to make sure that reproduction of a healthy and successful society. Paul Nathanson, the homosexual scholar says that there are at least five functions that marriage serves—things that every culture must do in order to survive and thrive. They are: 1. Foster the bonding between men and women 2. Foster the birth and rearing of children 3. Foster some form of healthy masculine identity 4. Foster the bonding between men and children 5. Foster the transformation of adolescents into sexually responsible adults Maggie Gallagher puts it more simply, saying that â€Å"children need mothers and fathers† and â€Å"marriage is the most practical way to get them for children. Actually, when you look at it, homosexuals already have the right the right to marry just like anyone else. When applying for marriage licenses, the application does not ask for a person’s sexual orientation. Now, the freedom of homosexuals to marry is another story. Their marriage, just as any marriage stipulates that any person is legally sanctioned from marrying a child, a close blood relative, a person who is already married, or a person of the same sex. Just because homosexuals have a desire to marry, does not make it right or legal anymore than the desires of other tiny (but less vocal ) minorities of Americans gives them a right to pedophilic â€Å"marriages†, â€Å"incestuous marriages,† or polygamous â€Å"marriages. † Some feel that prohibiting same sex marriages is just as discriminatory as interracial marriages. However, that is not valid thinking. The purpose of the law against interracial marriage was to protect the social system of racial segregation, not to protect the nature of marriage. Preserving â€Å"racial purity† was an unworthy goal, certainly not one of the fundamental purposes of marriage common to all human civilizations. One of the arguments against gays is the fact that God is not pleased with that union. According to the Bible, Men should not be lovers of themselves and neither should women. If God said it, then, that settles it. Among all the sins mentioned in the Bible, perhaps none is more disgusting to God than that of homosexuality. God destroyed two cities in the plains of Jordan, called Sodom and Gomorrah, because their wickedness was great (Genesis 13:10-13). The English word, â€Å"sodomy† is a derivative of the word â€Å"Sodom† for the cities were full of the sins of sodomy. Now, with that in mind, how many times are people arrested for sodomizing young children or sodomizing another man? If one can get arrested for sodomizing, then evidently, it would stand to reason, that homosexuality is not right Biblically or lawfully. God created Adam and Eve, not Adam and Steve. â€Å"If a man lies with a male as he lies with a woman, both of them have committed an abomination. You read "Being Gay and Elderly in Toronto" in category "Papers" They shall surely be put to death and their blood {shall be} upon them. † (Leviticus 20:13). Homosexuality is not a disease that is inherited or a disease from birth. Homosexuality is a learned behavior, much like lying, stealing, fornication, etc. Those that learn and practice such must stop. 1 Corinthians 6:9 says, â€Å"Do you not know that the unrighteous will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived. Neither fornicators, nor idolater, nor adulterers, nor homosexuals, nor sodomites, nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners will inherit the kingdom of God. † The homosexuals will not inherit the kingdom of God. They must bring forth fruits worthy of repentance. Now, the purpose of this paper is to argue whether or not same sex marriages should take place in Toronto or anyplace else. Though the Bible or religion is not in question here, there is still the argument of whether gays should be legally married? The scripture clearly states, that this union should not be sanctioned. Consider this. It is not a sin for the color of one’s skin to be white, red, yellow, or lack, and we shouldn’t discriminate against another because of it. However, it is a sin to be a homosexual. It is not a matter of discrimination. It is a matter of right or wrong in the sight of Almighty God. Some say homosexuals are born that way and cannot change. This is another effort of men trying to justify themselves while practicing homosexuality. Homosexuality is condemned from the beginning of time to the end. One of these days, we will have to stand before God and give an account of what was we do to our bodies, smoking, homosexuality, illegal drugs, etc. In Nova-Scotia, two men were married, but they were told, that they could not receive communion, unless they were celibate. These two men, both 69 are now trying to make the decision whether to leave the Catholic Church because now, they must make a choice between their religion and their marriage. They were refused, because Communion wafers are considered the body and blood of Christ. To Catholics, receiving communion is one of the faith’s most sacred rituals. Additionally, they were told that their marriage was a public scandal. Many people wonder why defending marriages and defending the family require different views regarding same-sex unions. In other words, how can a homosexual marriage affect a heterosexual marriage? Well, homosexuals unions often have a more direct impact on heterosexual marriages than we know. For instance, the Boston Globe reported June 29, 2003, that â€Å"nearly 40 percent† of the 5,700 homosexual couples who have entered into â€Å"civil unions† in Vermont â€Å"have had a previous heterosexual marriage. † Children are the ones who suffer the most of homosexual unions because these children grow up without a mother and a father. These children are also products of heterosexual marriages that ended up in divorce or death. These children also face being ridiculed at school and among their peers. The question is will these children, after being exposed to homosexuality in the home, grow up to be gay, or does this help them to choose heterosexuality vs. homosexuality? How do the mothers of these children feel about their now gay ex-husband, having custody or visitation rights? Some would approve it, and some would not. In Toronto, June 30, 2006, (LifeSiteNews. com) – The mainstream media brought to life the phantom of the gay gene theory7 in covering a Canadian study on the origin of homosexuality. â€Å"Homosexuality influenced by biological factors, Canadian researcher says, â€Å"proclaimed the CBC, the first to break the story. This study was regarding sexual orientation of men determined before birth. However, the study was most intriguing for what the mainstream media failed to cover. Namely that, if true, the study suggests that homosexuality is a congenital abnormality, and shares its origins with other disorders developed in the womb. (www. lifesite. net/ldn/2006/jun/06063003. html Westen, John Henry, 2006) Some researchers at Brock University in St. Catherine’s Ontario published a study in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences entitled â€Å"Biological versus non biological older brothers and men’s sexual orientation. The results of this study proved that same-sex sexual orientation is a result from having older brothers, even though the brothers may have not been raised together. To put it simpler, by way of explanation the researchers suggest that same sex relationships result from an immune reaction of the mother to the male child in her womb. â€Å"A theory of male homosexuality is consistent with the present finding that maternal immune response to succeeding male pregnancies,† says the study. If in fact, this study is correct, then the link between the mother’s immune reaction and the child’s future sexual orientation would probably be some effect of maternal anti-male antibodies on the sexual differentiation of the brain. † Dr. John Shea, medical advisor to Campaign Life Coalition, explained to LifeSiteNews. com that the study explains the significance of its findings suggesting that â€Å"the immune response of the mother’s body, damages the sexual differentiation of the brain of the male child in the womb, thus producing an abnormality in the fetus. † In 1998, almost 3. 7 million Canadians were 65 years of age and older. Over the next fifteen years, this number is expected to grow to approximately 5. 9 million. However, it is impossible to tell how many lesbians and gay men live in Canada. However, the numbers of older gay adults are estimated between 296,000 and 370,000, and should incr4ase proportionately to the general older population of the country to between 471,000 and 590,000 people. (Newsletter of the centre for Applied Social research Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Vol. no. 2/Fall/Winter, 2002). Gerontological research has begun to look at the issues pertaining to gay and lesbian seniors only in the late 1970s, and most of these studies in the area have not succeeded in the experience of gay aging from the viewpoint of women, ethnocultural minorities, low-income individuals, and chose not actively involved in the gay and lesbian communities. (Ibid, 2002) In summary, if all studies conducted on whether or not gay marriage should be sanctioned y the church in regard to marriage, the evidence shows and proves that homosexual couples, male or female should not be sanctioned because of the following reasons: 1. An abomination in the eyesight of God 2. In these relationships, the marriage cannot be sanctioned because no union really took place. 3. Children, cannot be born of these marriages, unless they were brought in from a heterosexual marriage. One of the purposes of marriage is to have children. 4. Foster the bond between many women, and a list of other reasons mentioned above. References (www. nogaymarriage. com/gaymarriagequestions. html (Leviticus 20:13, King James Version of Holy Bible) (www. lifesite. net/ldn/2006/jun/06063003. html Westen, John Henry, 2006) (Newsletter of the centre for Applied Social research Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Vol. no. 2/Fall/Winter, 2002). How to cite Being Gay and Elderly in Toronto, Papers

WAR FROM THE COLD WAR TO PRESENT Essay Example For Students

WAR FROM THE COLD WAR TO PRESENT Essay 2 SEP 2002WAR FROM THE COLD WAR TO PRESENTThe end of World War II was the spawn of a new war that would continue for over fifty years: The Cold War. Technically this war was not a fifty-year physical confrontation between two countries but more of a political confrontation between the worlds two remaining super-powers. The dropping of the atomic bomb in 1945 on Hiroshima and Nagasaki was the beginning of a new arsenal that would lead to the development of nuclear weapons. After Japan and Germany were defeated in World War II, a solutions to prevent the future event of a third world war were taken by the establishment of the United Nations to outlaw all private wars. Another right of the United Nations was to punish those villains that were guilty of war crimes against humanity. The problem with this type of procedure is that the winners of a combat situation, whether right or wrong, are the ones that get to decide who is on the wrong side of the law and who is not. The atom bomb, which was mentioned earlier as the problem solver of World War II, would prove to lead to a larger dilemma. Prior to the atomic bomb and later the hydrogen bomb, it was thought that any weapon could be defended against. The problem with the communist countries of Russia was their doctrine of totalitarianism.The main focus of the time was building an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), and the only countries with the resources were Russia and the United States. Russia shocked the world with the launch of Sputnik in 1957 followed by the first orbital flight around the world. It appeared that the Soviets were going to beat the Americans in the Space Race and reap all of the benefits from it as well: Reconnaissance, surveillance, communication, and delivery platforms for weapons. The Russians philosophy was built on the teachings of Clausewitz in that they maintained that war was a political means, peace was only a step towards war, and that conflict is inevitable. The Soviet Union was in no hurry to attack any country, but the state did engage in other types of warfare, such as political, economical, and psychological. The United States formed the Counter-Intelligence Agency as a means to resist the communist state. The rest of the world suffered from economic crisis and some were open to the ideas of communism for resolution. The United States answered this problem through the use of economic aid in the form of the Marshall Plan, which offered money to countries in order to reform industry and restore the state to production of goods and linked the non-communist countries together. The European sector needed to band together nations in a pact of protection from the communist threat. The Dunkirk was the first treaty that was formed between Britain and France to protect each other from Germany, which was further built upon by the Brussels Treaty that added the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Belgium. This treaty lead to the forming of the European Coal and Steel Community that strengthened the Europeans economically in order to further resist the communist threat, which eventually lead to the establishment of the European Economic Community that sought elimination of tariffs, free movement of labor and capital, wage standards, and common investment fund. After the Russians had attempted a blockade at Berlin, the United States decided to further reform the Monroe Doctrine to conform to a global economy. Europeans and North Americans joined together to build the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Although unsuccessful, other treaties included the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), the Middle East Treaty Organization (METO), and the Central Treaty Organization (CENTO). The Russians countered with the Warsaw Pact. It was considered that non-nuclear countries would not be able to defend against an attack and even the super-powers were unsure about the unpredictability of such powerful weapons. A nuclear action could be started accidentally and both parties engaged would suffer a great deal of unacceptable collateral damage, which would eventually affect neutral countries. The strategist of the nuclear conflict came from two schools of thought. The first was the nuclear strategist, which sought an effective strategy for the eventual deployment of nuclear weapons. The second strategist is the arms controller, which sought to make the world safer by controlling and eventually eliminating nuclear weapons. The United States overall sided with the arms controller in order to eventually rid the world of its nuclear threat. The bomber gap and the missile gap were both Russian propaganda plots that helped to push the United States ahead even further in both. Nuclear weapons eventually were placed in the bombers in the air and submarine vessels at sea. Although the Russians had beaten the Americans at the beginning of the space race with the launch of Sputnik I and superior air defense capabilities shot down Gary Powers U-2 over Russia, the United States was able to pull ahead to launch the first photographic-taking satellite over Russia just a year after the U-2 incident. The Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) produced the first attempt at freezing arms productions with the SALT I Treaty. This treaty froze all arsenals of offensive missiles at their current levels. The Russians had an advantage in numbers, but the United States had more ICBMs with multiple target acquisition warheads. Although the number of offensive missiles was frozen, the continuance of improving the missiles remained and the Unit ed States priority, which began to develop the Tridents. Submarines loaded with ballistic missiles were of great strategic value and the United States was classes of submarines were superior to the Russians, which were considered too noisy. Causes Of Alcoholism EssayThe nation of Israel has been a source of tension since it was established in 1948 by a British mandate. The surrounding nations of Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Egypt and Iraq were not ready to welcome the new state into their midst and a territorial dispute commenced. The Israelis further pressed the issue by attacking through the Sinai Desert to take control of the Suez Canal in 1956 as a front for the English and French establishment on the canal until international pressures forced their withdrawal, but Israel maintained control over the Gaza Strip. This action paved the road for future aggression initiated from Egypt, Syria, Jordan, and Iraq in 1967 during a six-day conflict, but superior Israeli airmen as well as French and American planes were sufficient enough to overcome the attacks. The Arab-Israeli conflicts are still a global hotspot today. The important fact to note about the conventional wars during the Cold War era is that the cost of lives far outweighed any other era, due to the increase in weaponry technology and the selling of these weapons to the majority of third world nations. Other countries involved in conventional wars during the Cold War era include India, Pakistan, Cambodia, Afghanistan, Argentina, and Iran. Another design of military fighting that made great strides of development during the Cold War was low-intensity conflicts, which consist of guerrilla and terrorist techniques modeled after Mao Tse-tungs takeover of China after World War II. Although a single definition of low-intensity conflict has not been established, it has become one of the most utilized techniques of today to achieve political or ideological objectives. The advantages to using this type of warfare are fewer personnel, lower costs, and the influence compared to the investment is greater. The effects of this type of engagement are that the loss of civilian lives is devastating, psychological result is immense, and some civilians may grow sympathetic for the cause. The terrorists are usually members of a small group or even a group of small groups known as cells, which work without the knowledge of other cells existence. Most of the time these villains are working covertly, agency identity is concealed; or clandestine, origin of the mastermind is hidden. It is hard to define a terrorist because what one country considers a terrorist may be another countrys freedom fighter. Guerrilla warfare consists of trained men that infiltrate the enemys lines and then work from within to destroy as much as possible. The other type of maneuver is the mobile warfare, which is basically a hit and run. The effects of these types of warfare are demoralization of the enemy, attrition of enemy forces, and public reaction against the enemy. Peacekeeping commissions have been set up by the United Nations in order to help countries that are unable to deal with an internal or external conflict. In 1948 the Security Council established the United Nations Supervision Organization (UNTSO) to assist in matters as a mediator and peace talks in Palestine. Other nations that have set up similar commissions are Pakistan, India, Lebanon, Yemen, and the Dominican Republic. Another form of peacekeeping measures established by the United Nations in 1957, in order to maintain a peacekeeping force in the Middle East, is the United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF). The blue helmeted force was put together as a show of more than just observers. Forces were only dispatched if the host country approved them, and although they were authorized to carry arms there were strict rules that had to be followed. The UNEF could only use the weapons for self-defense, force could not be used to carry out their mission of observation, and they were not allowed to interfere with the countries administration. The UNEF would be expected to govern all of the United Nations actions after its establishment and for the most part has done so. Although the United Nations peacekeeping methods have not ended all threats to every country on the global front, the methods are a step in the right direction to a solution that provides every land with a peaceful resolution. WORKS CITEDBrodie, Bernard and Fawn. From Crossbow to H-Bomb. (Bloomington, Indiana:Indiana University, 1973). Chap9-11Keegan, John. Mask of Command. (New York, New York: VikingPenguin, 1988). ConclusionPreston, Richard A., Alex Roland, and Sydney F. Wise. MenIn Arms: A History of Warfare and its interrelationshipsWith Western Society. (Belmont, California:Wadsworth/Thomson Learning, 2001). Chap 19-22